TY - JOUR
T1 - A mechanistic overview on green assisted formulation of nanocomposites and their multifunctional role in biomedical applications
AU - Mahnoor,
AU - Malik, Khafsa
AU - Kazmi, Abeer
AU - Sultana, Tahira
AU - Raja, Naveed Iqbal
AU - Bibi, Yamin
AU - Abbas, Mazhar
AU - Badruddin, Irfan Anjum
AU - Ali, M. Mahmood
AU - Bashir, Muhammad Nasir
N1 - This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier policy on article withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies-and-standards/article-withdrawal). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor. Post-publication, an investigation conducted by Elsevier's Research Integrity & Publishing Ethics team on behalf of the journal identified references that are irrelevant to the article. The authors were asked to comment upon the presence of these references in their work but were unable to satisfactorily address the reason for the references. Additionally, the investigation discovered suspicious changes in authorship between the original submission and the revised version of this paper. During revision, four authors were added to the revised paper. The editor reached out to the authors post-publication for an explanation as to the contribution of these four authors, but they failed to provide a satisfactory explanation for these changes. Consequently, the editor no longer has confidence in the integrity and the findings of the article and has decided to retract it. The scientific community takes a very strong view on this matter and apologies are offered to readers of the journal that this was not detected during the submission process. The authors disagree with retraction and dispute the grounds for it. © 2025 .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2025
PY - 2025/2/15
Y1 - 2025/2/15
N2 - The importance of nanocomposites constantly attains attention because of their unique properties all across the fields especially in medical perspectives. The study of green-synthesized nanocomposites has grown to be extremely fascinating in the field of research. Nanocomposites are more promising than mono-metallic nanoparticles because they exhibit synergistic effects. This review encapsulates the current development in the formulation of plant-mediated nanocomposites by using several plant species and the impact of secondary metabolites on their biocompatible functioning. Phyto-synthesis produces diverse nanomaterials with biocompatibility, environment-friendliness, and in vivo actions, characterized by varying sizes, shapes, and biochemical nature. This process is advantageous to conventional physical and chemical procedures. New studies have been conducted to determine the biomedical efficacy of nanocomposites against various diseases. Unfortunately, there has been inadequate investigation into green-assisted nanocomposites. Incorporating phytosynthesized nanocomposites in therapeutic interventions not only enhances healing processes but also augments the host's immune defenses against infections. This review highlights the phytosynthesis of nanocomposites and their various biomedical applications, including antibacterial, antidiabetic, antiviral, antioxidant, antifungal, anti-cancer, and other applications, as well as their toxicity. This review also explores the mechanistic action of nanocomposites to achieve their designated tasks. Biogenic nanocomposites for multimodal imaging have the potential to exchange the conventional methods and materials in biomedical research. Well-designed nanocomposites have the potential to be utilized in various biomedical fields as innovative theranostic agents with the subsequent objective of efficiently diagnosing and treating a variety of human disorders.
AB - The importance of nanocomposites constantly attains attention because of their unique properties all across the fields especially in medical perspectives. The study of green-synthesized nanocomposites has grown to be extremely fascinating in the field of research. Nanocomposites are more promising than mono-metallic nanoparticles because they exhibit synergistic effects. This review encapsulates the current development in the formulation of plant-mediated nanocomposites by using several plant species and the impact of secondary metabolites on their biocompatible functioning. Phyto-synthesis produces diverse nanomaterials with biocompatibility, environment-friendliness, and in vivo actions, characterized by varying sizes, shapes, and biochemical nature. This process is advantageous to conventional physical and chemical procedures. New studies have been conducted to determine the biomedical efficacy of nanocomposites against various diseases. Unfortunately, there has been inadequate investigation into green-assisted nanocomposites. Incorporating phytosynthesized nanocomposites in therapeutic interventions not only enhances healing processes but also augments the host's immune defenses against infections. This review highlights the phytosynthesis of nanocomposites and their various biomedical applications, including antibacterial, antidiabetic, antiviral, antioxidant, antifungal, anti-cancer, and other applications, as well as their toxicity. This review also explores the mechanistic action of nanocomposites to achieve their designated tasks. Biogenic nanocomposites for multimodal imaging have the potential to exchange the conventional methods and materials in biomedical research. Well-designed nanocomposites have the potential to be utilized in various biomedical fields as innovative theranostic agents with the subsequent objective of efficiently diagnosing and treating a variety of human disorders.
KW - Biomedical applications
KW - Green synthesis
KW - Nanocomposites
KW - Toxicity
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85216113859
U2 - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e41654
DO - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e41654
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85216113859
SN - 2405-8440
VL - 11
JO - Heliyon
JF - Heliyon
IS - 3
M1 - e41654
ER -
SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being