First Steps towards the Automated Detection of Underwater Vocalisations of Grey Seals (Halichoerus grypus) in the Blasket Islands, Southwest Ireland

Underwater vocalisations of grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) were recorded by static acoustic monitoring (SM2M, Wildlife Acoustics) in the vicinity of a colony located at White Strand beach on Great Blasket Island, southwest Ireland during the pre-breeding and breeding seasons. Grey seal vocalisations were first classified across nine different categories based on aural and visual characteristics of the spectrograms, providing an acoustic repertoire for grey seals. This classification was further investigated by applying a classification tree analysis, resulting in five of the initial nine groups being selected. Furthermore, a comparison of two common approaches for the detection and extraction of vocalisations from acoustic files was done using the software Raven Pro and PAMGuard. The outputs of this study will present an essential first step towards the development of a protocol for underwater acoustic monitoring of grey seals in Irish waters and elsewhere.