The effects of sleep quality and resilience on perceived stress, dietary behaviors and alcohol misuse: A mediation-moderation analysis of higher education students from asia, europe and north america during the COVID-19 pandemic

Chen Du, Megan Chong Hueh Zan, Min Jung Cho, Jenifer I. Fenton, Pao Ying Hsiao, Richard Hsiao, Laura Keaver, Chang Chi Lai, Heesoon Lee, Mary Jon Ludy, Wan Shen, Winnie Chee Siew Swee, Jyothi Thrivikraman, Kuo Wei Tseng, Wei Chin Tseng, Stephen Doak, Sara Yi Ling Folk, Robin M. Tucker

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

59 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has increased the al-ready high levels of stress that higher education students experience. Stress influences health be-haviors, including those related to dietary behaviors, alcohol, and sleep; yet the effects of stress can be mitigated by resilience. To date, past research studying the connections between dietary behav-iors, alcohol misuse, sleep, and resilience commonly investigated singular relationships between two of the constructs. The aim of the current study was to explore the relationships between these constructs in a more holistic manner using mediation and moderation analyses. Methods: Higher education students from China, Ireland, Malaysia, South Korea, Taiwan, the Netherlands, and the United States were enrolled in a cross-sectional study from April to May 2020, which was during the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic for most participants. An online survey, using validated tools, was distributed to assess perceived stress, dietary behaviors, alcohol misuse, sleep quality and duration, and resilience. Results: 2254 students completed the study. Results indicated that sleep quality mediated the relationship between perceived stress and dietary behaviors as well as the relationship between perceived stress and alcohol misuse. Further, increased resilience reduced the strength of the relationship between perceived stress and dietary behaviors but not alcohol mis-use. Conclusion: Based on these results, higher education students are likely to benefit from sleep education and resilience training, especially during stressful events.

Original languageEnglish
Article number442
Pages (from-to)1-22
Number of pages22
JournalNutrients
Volume13
Issue number2
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Feb 2021

Keywords

  • COVID-19
  • College
  • Food intake
  • Health behaviors
  • Mental health
  • Nutrition
  • Pandemic
  • Substance use
  • University students

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